keratin

Keratin is a fibrous protein that is an essential component in skin, hair, nails and the outer layer of other human and animal tissues. It plays a crucial role in forming the structural strength and protective function of these tissues. Keratin is known for its hardness and insolubility in water, making it an ideal material for the body's protective barrier.

Functions of keratin

Protection : Keratin provides protection against mechanical damage, heat, microbes and other environmental influences.
Waterproofing : It prevents excessive loss of water from the body and keeps the skin hydrated.
Flexibility : In hair and nails, keratin provides structure and flexibility and protects against brittleness.

Types of Keratin

There are two main types of keratin:

Alpha-Keratin : Found in mammals and is a component of skin, hair and nails. It is characterized by its helical structure, which offers high tensile strength.
Beta-keratin : Found in birds and reptiles and forms the basis of feathers, claws and scales. Beta keratin is characterized by its folded sheet structure and offers greater hardness than alpha keratin.

Keratin in hair care and cosmetics

Keratin Treatments : Popular for hair straightening and reducing frizz. These treatments penetrate the hair structure to replace damaged keratin and smooth the hair surface.
Keratin-containing products : Shampoos, conditioners, and hair masks often contain keratin to strengthen hair and add shine.

health and nutrition

A balanced diet rich in proteins, vitamins and minerals supports the production of keratin and promotes the health of skin, hair and nails. Sulfur containing amino acids, such as cysteine, are particularly important for keratin synthesis.

Possible risks of keratin treatments

Some commercial keratin hair straightening treatments contain formaldehyde or formaldehyde-releasing substances, which can be harmful if overexposed. It is important to choose safe products and treatments and exercise caution when using them.

In summary, keratin is an essential protein that plays a key role in the structure and function of skin, hair and nails. It provides protection and strength and is used in various cosmetic and therapeutic applications to improve the health and appearance of these tissues.