sebaceous gland

Sebaceous glands are small glands in the skin that produce sebum, an oily secretion that helps keep skin and hair supple and protects them from drying out. They are distributed over almost the entire surface of the skin, except for the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, and are particularly numerous on the face, scalp, and upper torso. Sebaceous glands are connected to hair follicles and release their sebum directly into the follicle, from where it spreads across the skin's surface.

Functions of sebum

  • Hydration : Sebum helps retain moisture in the skin by reducing water evaporation.
  • Protection : It forms a barrier against external influences such as bacteria, fungi and pollutants.
  • Suppleness : Sebum keeps the skin soft and supple and prevents cracks and dryness.

Regulation of sebum production

The production of tallow is mainly carried out by Hormones regulated, in particular by Androgens (male sex hormones, which are present in both men and women). During the puberty An increase in androgens leads to increased sebum production, which often results in oily skin and acne This leads to other factors that can influence sebum production, including diet, stress, genetic predisposition, and certain medical conditions.

Problems related to sebaceous glands

  • Acne : Excessive sebum production can clog pores, especially when mixed with dead skin cells. This can promote the development of acne.
  • Seborrheic dermatitis : A condition characterized by excessive sebum production and the presence of certain yeast fungi, leading to inflammation and scaling of the skin.
  • Rosacea : A chronic skin condition that causes redness and inflammation of the face, it can be aggravated by abnormal function of the sebaceous glands.
  • Sebaceous gland hyperplasia : An enlargement of the sebaceous glands, which often occurs in older adults and appears as small, yellowish bumps on the skin.

Skincare for oily skin

For people with oily skin or a tendency towards acne, a tailored skincare routine is important to control sebum production and keep pores clear. This includes regular cleansing with gentle products, the use of non-comedogenic moisturizers, and possibly topical or oral medications to regulate sebum production and treat acne.

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