Scarring AlopeciaCicatricial alopecia, also known as sclerosing alopecia, is a form of hair loss in which inflammation affects the scalp Hair follicles The hair follicles are destroyed and replaced by scar tissue. This type of hair loss is usually permanent because the scar tissue impairs the body's ability to produce new hair. There are various causes of scarring alopecia, including autoimmune diseases, infections, physical damage, or genetic factors.
Causes and risk factors
Scarring alopecia can be caused by a variety of conditions, including:
- Autoimmune diseases : Conditions such as lichen planopilaris and discoid lupus erythematosus, in which the immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles.
- Infections : Certain bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can lead to scarring and hair loss.
- Physical damage : Burns, injuries, or aggressive chemical treatments can damage the hair follicles and cause scarring hair loss.
- Genetic factors : In some cases, a genetic predisposition can lead to scarring alopecia.
Symptoms
- Hair loss : Hair loss usually occurs in small, irregular patches that can grow larger over time.
- Scarring : The affected areas may appear smooth and shiny, without visible hair follicle openings.
- Inflammation : Redness, swelling or pain may occur in the affected areas, especially in the early stages of the disease.
- Itching or burning : These symptoms may also be present.
diagnosis
Diagnosing scarring alopecia typically requires a thorough examination by a dermatologist, who will take a medical history and perform a physical examination. A scalp biopsy may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis and determine the specific cause of the alopecia.
Treatment
The treatment of scarring alopecia aims to reduce inflammation, prevent further hair loss, and improve cosmetic appearance. Treatment may include:
- Anti-inflammatory drugs : Topical or oral corticosteroids, immunomodulators and other anti-inflammatory drugs can be used to reduce inflammation.
- Antibiotics or antifungals : If infections are the cause, appropriate medications can be prescribed.
- Surgical options : Hair transplants or plastic surgery may be considered in some cases to improve appearance.
- Nourishing treatments : Special shampoos and care products can help soothe the scalp and nourish the remaining hair.
It is important to note that treatment options depend on the specific cause and severity of the disease and require an individualized approach.
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